jingle shells - Seashells by Millhill

Collecting Shells in the Heat of a Florida Summer

It’s summer in Florida and not my favorite time of year. We go out on the boat about once a week, and it’s been high tide at the times we recently traveled the waterways. High tide means fewer beaches and exposed sand out in the river. The normal places to find big living conchs, like the horse conch, are under water at high tide and more difficult to see.

seashells — Tiger lucinia (or dosinia?), Spectral bittersweet clam (or venus clam?), white and black jingle shells.

The shells in my photo above confuse me. Many shells look A LOT ALIKE… So sometimes I am guessing as to the exact name. The flat white shell with concentric rings is probably a Dosinia, but the Tiger lucinia is almost identical looking – except that my reference book says that the underside can be pink and yellow. The shell I found is white underneath – it’s the one with the crack in the shell.

The jingle shells are pretty easy to recognize. Their thin shells remind me of the mineral mica.

At high tide, island beaches become scarce and small, but there are still plenty of hermit crabs scurrying around in their beautiful crown shells, pear shells and shark’s eyes in the shallow water offshore.
My little video here is of a big Tulip shell inhabited by a hermit crab. I don’t know which type of tulip it is because the shell is black and covered with barnacles. This is only one of the many hermit crabs I found near the shore.

This is a screenshot of the temperature where I live at 7:14 in the evening… as you can see it FEELS LIKE 100! So at noon, you can just imagine the oppressive heat… it’s why we don’t go out on the boat all that much these days. The heat and humidity here in Florida is stupid. And there is little relief when evening arrives.

florida heat index — 7:14 at night and it feels like 100 degrees!

Being right on the water means a sea breeze can cool things off, and my favorite time to visit the beach is later in the day. I don’t live on the beach, but I live close enough to visit any time.
However, I do look forward to Fall, when it will be less crowded and less humid on and near the water.

Ever Wonder About The Reason For Black Seashells?

Ever wonder why you find black seashells? Shells are supposed to be pretty, right? The elements are harsh and shells can turn various colors according to the elements.

Seashells come in many lovely colors, but it’s odd to find shells that are totally black. One day while collecting shells, I found an unusual number of all-black seashells.

Well, it has to do with the mud. I originally wrote this article years ago, after walking the beach at Smyrna Dunes Park and the inlet jetty area. I mostly found black jingle shells as I recall.

Now, I have found a newer article at Shelling Boat Tours that also talks about black seashells. (Thanks Chatgpt) The tour company is located in southwest Florida, a place where everyone seems to want to live – at least over winter. Apparently they encounter black seashells down that way too.

That area of Florida is prone to some big, bad storms. Hurricanes most often only hit me – on the central east coast – AFTER they have come ashore in the Gulf. Mainly the Gulf is calm. It is a nice place for sea snails to live and therefore it’s a great place to do some shelling. Hence the newish industry of taking tourists out on shelling trips.

I agree that the best way to see what is left of the real Florida is to get there by boat. An island full of shells sounds like a fun place to explore, but where I live, I find my shells along the Indian River (in our flats boat) and Ponce Inlet (walking the beach).

Original, to Black, to Orange?

Due to the lack of oxygen when shells get buried, they turn black. That other article says that they turn orange or pink once they are back in an oxygen environment. Being unearthed and washed onshore after a storm is an example of how this could most likely happen. I always wondered about orange and pinkish shells.

Screen Shot 2017-04-14 at 9.56.28 AM — jingle shells

In my photo below you can see the black muck that is under this clam shell. Notice that the clam is turning black as well.

Black seashells can be found anywhere really. Tides and storms can move the sand and cover shells pretty easily. After all, what can a sea snail do about that? Or the snail is gone and the shell remains, only to be tossed around, or buried deep down in the muck.

The partial lightning whelk shell below (I think) has also turned black. These shells do not start out this way. Lightning whelks are generally tan with brown stripes or light in color.

black lightning whelk seashell — Black Lightning Whelk

Lightning whelk seashell in the wild. — Black Lightning Whelk

Shells are often not pretty when found. Especially if they are found in the water. They can be dark or coated with green, or with barnacles or oysters attached. Sometimes they barely look like a seashell at all, like that partially buried horse conch.

horse conch seashell medium size — small horse conch

Crusty horse conch living on mud flats of the Indian River — small horse conch

Seashells in True Color

Shells found up on the sand can be white, or much lighter in color than they were when inhabited. Buried shells might be black, and shells that are returning to oxygen may be orange or pink.

In reality, finding a seashell that still has an original pretty coloring might be the rarest find of all!

An Outer Coating vs. Ingrained Color

Sometimes out in the wild a living shell, or shell still under the water, will be covered in a dark, sometimes fuzzy, coating. That is the periostracum, or skin, which creates an outer layer over the shell. The pretty part is hidden under the skin. When the skin comes off, the shell looks as we expect a shell to look.

It is completely different from finding a truly black shell. You can see what is left of the periostracum on the horse conch and Dosinia shells below. The shell in the middle has a fuzzy or spiky skin.

Periostracum fuzzy skin on a seashell — Horse conch

After writing this post, I realize that the makers of the shells – the snails – have a pretty tough life. They create a beautiful, and perfect, home for themselves (the shell) but they are at the whim of the elements. The wind, sand, and mud can do some damage and really change things.

The Mermaid’s Toenails Turned Black

Screen Shot 2017-04-14 at 9.56.28 AM The common jingle shell (Anomia ephippium) is easy to identify, but maybe not from a distance. While walking along the shoreline, spotting a black shell could mean you’ve found just about anything. Any shell can end up turning dark gray or black in color if the conditions are right.

On my latest visit to the beach, I gathered some jingle shells, of which most were black, as you can see in my photo. One is somewhat silver, and another has bits of lighter tan, which means it still retains some of it’s original color.

But jingle shells don’t start out as black. Just like the lightning whelk below, shells turn black because of sea and sand conditions. According to a comment left on another blog, The Ocracoke Island Journal, shells that have been washed into a low oxygen area will turn black due to the presence of iron sulfide. Click the link to see photos of an impressive collection of shells that were washed up on the beach after Hurricane Irene, many of which are black in color. Scroll down the page to read the comment about black seashells.

Jingle shells can be orange, yellow, white or off white, and gray. Because of the coloring and their flat shiny surface they are sometimes called “Mermaid’s toenails”. Once you hold a jingle shell, the difference between it and other shells is readily apparent. It’s a bivalve, but there is nothing to suggest it was attached to anther piece. The shell is irregular and somewhat flattened. They are rarely over 2 inches across in size.

In fact I did collect quite a few black shells that day. I’m not really sure what that black one is in the photo below. It was too thick to be a jingle shell, but had the right shape.

cross-barred venus clam — One of the black shells I found

This piece of a whelk and the pointed bit of shell caught my eye also because of the unusual dark color. I have decided it is a Lightning Whelk. It is my best guess as the other side looks like the opening would be on the left.

I don’t think it’s rare to find a black seashell, but the shell was washed up from a place that had the right conditions to turn it into this, from it’s natural beautiful state.